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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal and metabolic alteration produced by hyperandrogenemia (excess of male hormones). It is the most frequent reason for ovulatory disorders, with a prevalence of 10% in women of reproductive age, and may have manifestations in stages prior to puberty. And it is one of the most common causes of infertility in women.

PCOS occurs, in general, when a hormone called LH or insulin levels are very high without being diabetic, as a consequence your ovaries produce excess testosterone.

3 types of disorders

1

Ecography

 

By ultrasound, the PCOS is characterized by some ovaries with multiple and small cysts.

2

Clínical

 

Menstrual irregularities, being the most frequent menstrual periods very spaced up to months, reaching the amenorrhea (absence of rules). It often occurs in addition oily skin, acne, and excessive body hair. The 50% of the cases are overweight.

3

Hormonal

 

From the hormonal point of view is characterized by an excess of androgens (hormones of masculine action).

Not always is presented with all its manifestations, for the diagnosis is sufficient to have two of the three types of disorders.

Sometimes the treatment is simple and its enough to made habits changes and the way of life style. Loss of 5-10% of body mass sometimes is enough to reinstate the ovulation. On other occasions, it is necessary the prescription of drugs such as metformin (insulin sensitizer), or ovulations inductors clomiphene, aromatase inhibitors or gonadotropins.

If the patient does not wish to become pregnant, will be prescribed drugs that improve insulin sensitivity, oral contraceptives and antiandrogens alone or in combination to solve the cosmetic issues, especially the acne and excessive hair.

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